The biggest complaint from first-time pond builders is that they didn’t make their pond big enough. The pond should be made as large as possible, especially if you wish to add fish and/or plants. Larger ponds are more stable ecologically, require less maintenance and are less costly per gallon. They are also safer for fish. Usually, depths range from about 18 to 36 inches for water gardens (without fish) and 3 to 6 feet for fish and koi ponds. Ponds that hold plants require sunlight so they should be kept in shallow areas.

TIP! Check local codes for depth allowances and fence requirements.

Once you’ve selected the perfect location in your yard, mark the area with rope and create the shape you want for your pond. When that’s complete, start digging out the grass and dirt to a depth of 1 foot deep. This will be your plant shelf where aquatic plants and accessories can be easily accessed and maintained. Haul away excess dirt in a wheelbarrow but save some for leveling, if necessary. Dig out a deeper second tier to create a safe space for fish.